With the improvement of our agricultural mechanization, especially the spread of small farm machinery in hilly areas south of the Yangtze River, our agricultural modernization has developed rapidly. And the application of hydraulic technology is more powerful to promote the degree of automation of agricultural machinery, further promote the popularization of agricultural machinery.
The application of hydraulic technology in agricultural machinery is many, for agricultural machinery to provide adjustment, power, help and other technical support. There are three main aspects:
First, agricultural machinery used in the production of bulk food crops, such as tractors, reapers, planters and so on. In the harvester, the hydraulic system mainly plays the role of controlling the height of the harvester and the opening and closing of the granary. In the cultivator, the hydraulic system can also provide driving force for the control of tillage depth and lifting when crossing the ditch. In farm tractors, the application of hydraulic technology optimizes the connection process between the tractor and the supporting farm tools.
The second is the research and development of agricultural machinery. With the progress of science and technology, agricultural machinery is also developing in the direction of automation and intelligence, and the scientific application of hydraulic system can not only provide enough power for agricultural machinery, but also effectively improve the operation efficiency of agricultural machinery. For example, electro-hydraulic control technology conveniently realizes a variety of complex hydraulic function requirements. There are hydraulic suspension technology, to solve the combined operation of agricultural machinery folding, flipping and other functions of the power drive problem.
Third, agricultural machinery used by cash crops. The use of hydraulic system in this kind of agricultural machinery mainly involves large translational sprinkler, cotton interset machinery and so on.
However, agricultural machinery often work outdoors, is easily affected by vibration, sunlight, rainfall and other factors, so the daily maintenance of agricultural machinery hydraulic system, maintenance is very important. The common faults of agricultural machinery hydraulic system are four aspects, which are insufficient operating power of hydraulic system, unstable hydraulic driving process, hydraulic system leakage or component damage, and high temperature of hydraulic system.
What about these failures?
If the operating power of the hydraulic system is insufficient, the reason may be that the pressure of the main oil circuit is too low, then it is necessary to check whether the setting value of the safety valve of the hydraulic system and the working condition meet the actual requirements of the hydraulic system, but also to check whether the parts joint is tightened, if necessary to replace the high sealing components.
If the hydraulic drive is unstable and abnormal noise occurs, it is necessary to check whether the Hydraulic Pump bearing, blade and other components are aging, and whether the axial clearance wear is serious. If it is the abnormal sound of the control valve, it is necessary to grind the control valve seat to restore its sealing performance or replace it, and check the deformation and failure of the internal pressure regulating spring to restore the pressure regulating function.
If it is the leakage of hydraulic system, it is necessary to find out the cause of leakage according to the leakage location, and focus on checking the status of joints, tubing, as well as the clearance of the moving parts of valve and cylinder matching components, and timely replacement of severely worn parts.
If the temperature of the hydraulic system is too high, the reason may be that the viscosity of the hydraulic oil is too high, or that the mechanical tubing and cooler are blocked, or that the pressure value of the system is too large, the internal leakage of the hydraulic system, and the parts are worn seriously. So when the temperature of the hydraulic system is too high, you can start to check from these aspects.
In addition, there are intermittent movement of hydraulic cylinder, high viscosity of hydraulic oil and other failures, which need to be carefully checked and accumulated experience in the use of operation and maintenance personnel to improve the understanding of the operation principle of agricultural machinery hydraulic system.
